Plants, trees, algae, cyanobacteria and phytoplankton… all of these organisms decompose water molecules as one of the steps in photosynthesis (the process that converts sunlight and water into food).The Oxygen Generation System or OGS is a rack designed by NASA to electrolyse water to produce gaseous oxygen. The plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. The oxygen produced in this way is then vented to the cabin atmosphere of the ISS. At any given time, it hosts 5-6 astronauts performing a number of experiments, conducting studies and research, and doing a bunch of other stuff to enhance our knowledge of how things work in space.The ISS is the most expensive object ever built by humans. Electrolysis of water (H2O) is the main method to generate oxygen aboard the ISS. It's a wonderful cycle on a vast scale. On Earth, we have a constant supply of fresh air. Note that the OGS is a part of the ECLSS (Environmental Control and Life Support System) aboard the ISS. But what happens in the tiny, confined cabins of spacecraft, like the space shuttle or space stations? Each day the OGS continuously provides between 2.3 and 9kg (5 to 20lbs) of oxygen. Water is split into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2). Note that the OGS is a part of the ECLSS (Environmental Control and Life Support System) aboard the ISS.The 3 ECLSS racks on display. Pressurised oxygen storage tanks replenished by visiting unmanned cargo ships provide a backup to the electrolysis method. We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The electrolysis of water, therefore, is the name of the process through which water is broken down into its constituents—hydrogen and oxygen.If you think about it, the oxygen that we breathe here on Earth also comes from the splitting of water, only it’s not a mechanical process, unlike the electrolysis of water on the ISS. We have already discussed how astronauts get drinking water aboard the ISS in Electrolysis is the primary method by which oxygen is ‘made’ on the International Space Station. The Elektron system aboard the Russian Zvezda service module performs the same vital electrolysis service for the ISS crew. Using a … Finally, the crew can also generate oxygen chemically by igniting Solid Fuel Oxygen Generation (SFOG) canisters comprised of lithium perchlorate. (Photo Credit : Wikipedia.org)Needless to say, there are a number of life support systems aboard the ISS to ensure that the crew’s stay there is as comfortable as possible in space.The three most important things that humans need to survive are water, food and oxygen. Unmanned cargo ships carry these oxygen tanks and deliver them to the space station. How do astronauts on the station ensure they have access to oxygen?Electrolysis of water (H2O) is the main method to generate oxygen aboard the ISS. The Electron system was also used aboard the Russian Mir Space Station. These gases get recycled by plants through the process of photosynthesis. The oxygen produced in this way is then vented to the cabin atmosphere of the ISS. The Shuttle produces water as its fuel cells combine hydrogen and oxygen to create electricity, and the Progress rocket can be outfitted to carry large containers of water. Each canister provides the oxygen needed to support one crew member for one day.All About Space is part of Future plc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. The oxygen is vented into the breathable cabin air system, known as the Oxygen Generation System, while the explosive hydrogen is vented externally. Each canister can provide a limited supply of oxygen for a crew member.Subscribe to our mailing list and get interesting stuff and updates to your email inbox.we respect your privacy and take protecting it seriously7 Scientifically Inaccurate Things They Show in Movies: Most Common Movie Mistakes and MythsAre Zebras Black with White Stripes or White with Black Stripes?How Hurricanes Form? A Russian device called Elektron is used to make oxygen using water through electrolysis. Water, which is made of oxygen and hydrogen atoms bonded together, is also used to maintain oxygen supply on the International Space Station. From left to right, the Water Recovery System (Rack 1), WRS (Rack 2) and Oxygen Generating System. The electrolysis is powered by the massive solar arrays of the ISS. Water is split into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2).

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